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News Clark Mills – the designer of the Optimist Inducted into US Hall of Fame

Clark Mills - 31 Aug 2017

Clark Mills – the designer of the Optimist Inducted into US Hall of Fame

On September 24 th , boatbuilder Clark Mills (Clearwater, Fla.), best-known as the designer of the Optimist dinghy will be inducted into the US Sailing Hall of Fame.

By Gary Jobson

What do most Olympic sailors have in common? The answer is fascinating – they started their sailing careers racing the International Optimist Dinghy. This nifty and appropriately named box-shaped dinghy was the design vision of Clark Mills. He was asked by Major Clifford McKay to come up with a small boat for junior sailors immediately after the end of World War II. Mills came up with the Optimist Pram using standard eight-foot sheets of plywood for construction. The concept was a boat that would cost under $50 ($560 in 2017).

Mills designed or built several other small boats out of his shop in Dunedin, Florida which he described in his book,  Clark Mills Boat Works including Snipes, Lightnings, Windmills the Sun Cat, and the Com-Pac Sloop . Several years ago he told  Optimist News  writer Bill Douglas, “Whenever people write about the Optimist, they give me all credit. Heck, I didn’t do anything but draw up the design. The folks that came up with the idea, they’re the ones who really got the ball rolling. Give them the credit.” Mills in his characteristic fashion underrated his contribution. He laughed later by saying, “I became famous for building a boat that looks like a horse trough.” Mills wanted a boat that could be built in a garage by a father and his son.

Today there are over 400,000 Optimists sailing in 120 countries around the world. At least 30 builders are producing boats for young people between the ages of eight and 15. Originally, the “Opti” was a boat for sailors in Florida, but in 1958 Axel Damgaard took one home with him to his native Denmark. The boat’s rig was modified and renamed the International Optimist Dinghy. Aspiring sailors and their parents could buy plans for the boat for $2.50. Mills never received any royalties for his design. After 70 years the basic Pram design is the same today as it was when first introduced in 1947. Late in his life, Clarkie, as he was called, told Bill Douglas, “I didn’t make out very well on the money end, but I certainly enjoyed myself. The boatbuilding business is just great. Just because the boats look stupid don’t mean nothing.”

Clark Wilbur Mills created an enduring legacy that has served young sailors well for many years – that will certainly continue long in to the future.

Clearwater boat builder earns Hall of Fame honors

• Piper Castillo Former Times Staffer

CLEARWATER — The year was 1947. A gallon of gas was 15 cents and the brand new car to put it in was $1,300. Here in Pinellas County, a population boom was happening, and with it, a need to better develop activities for family and children.

With the help of Clifford McKay, founder of the Clearwater Beach Rotary Club, members of the Clearwater Optimist Club approached boat builder Clark Mills to help.

They had an idea — a soap box derby of sorts. The catch was, since the Sunshine State didn't have enough hills, they wanted it on the water.

Mills, a father of four, made an offer to do what he did best — to design a boat, a small design easy enough for a family to build together in the garage.

The boat that he came up with, which cost the builder just $50 for materials, was made of three pieces of plywood and one simple sail. Its easy maneuvering caught on quick and soon "Opti'' pram kits were being shipped to families around the country.

Seventy years later, Mills' work has put thousands of children around the world on the water with more than 400,000 Optimist prams active in 120 countries. At the 2014 Olympics, 80 percent of the boat skippers were former Optimist pram sailers.

On Sept. 24, Mills who died in 2001, will be inducted posthumously into the National Sailing Hall of Fame at a ceremony at the New York Yacht Club's Harbour Court in Newport, Rhode Island.

This year, more than 95 nominations were received by the NSHOF from around the country, according to Lee Tawney, the organization's executive director. Past inductees include Ted Turner and Dennis Connor.

"Clark Mills got more kids on sailboats in the world than anybody else because of that Optimist pram,'' said Tawney. "There is no question of his impact not only in the U.S. but around the world.

Locally, sailors who worked on the nomination effort included champion racer Charley Morgan, founder of Morgan Yachts, Michael Jones, project manager at McKay Creek Boat Shop at Heritage Village, and Meade Gougeon, a part-time Floridian and boat builder, who was inducted with his brother, Jan, in 2015. He died about three weeks ago.

Jones, 65, remembers visiting Mills' business, Clearwater Bay Marine off Fort Harrison Avenue, as a teenager. "You couldn't be involved with boats and not know Clark Mills,'' he said.

Jones also stressed that many sailors became sailors because of Mills, including the Gougeon brothers.

"I'm sorry Meade did not live to see this project through. He worked hard on it,'' Jones said. "He liked to tell the story that he got introduced to boat building when he helped his brother build one from one of Clark Mills' kits.''

Don Heiser of Clearwater worked side-by-side with Mills for more than 25 years at Clearwater Bay Marine and says the Hall of Fame honor is well-deserved.

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"He designed (the pram) in a way that a father and son could build it together,'' said Heiser, 90. "He believed in that idea. It was important to him.''

And although Mills never reaped any financial benefits from the design, Heiser believed he was pleased "with the way the Opti turned out,'' he said. "He did not want money from the Optimist Club. He always said he did it for the kids. I remember one time sitting with him near Clearwater Bay, and he said, 'You know, it just feels good seeing people go by in boats that you know you created.''

For those interested in seeing some of Clark Mills' work, Heritage Village in Largo, in 2012, created the McKay Creek Boat Shop, patterned after the boat shops that lined Florida's westcoast during Mills' era as a boat builder. The idea for the boat shop came after one of Mills' childhood friends donated a Snipe, a sail boat Mills built from juniper wood. Over the last five years, volunteers, including Jones, have ensured that Mills' legacy stays front and center.

"The focus of Clark Mills life was giving back, especially to kids, and you can see that (at Heritage Village),'' said Jones. "All the boats at Mckay Creek have a Clark Mills connection.''

Contact Piper Castillo at [email protected]. Follow @Florida_PBJC.

Former Times Staffer

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The Optimist Dinghy – sailed by kids since 1947

Rewind the clock back 66 years:

Beginings: In 1947, the Clearwater Florida version of the “Soapbox Derby” called the “Orange Crate Derby” was sponsored by the Clearwater Optimist Club . Optimist member, Major Clifford McKay promoted the idea, and it finally made some headway with other members. He contacted local boat builder, Clark Mills about the idea and asked Mills to design a small sailboat that could be made for under $50.

Design Phase: Mills started sketching and soon ran into a basic limitation. Plywood comes in eight foot sheets. So, he knew the boat had to be less than eight feet. Since it was hard to put a pointed bow in an eight foot boat, he designed it as a pram. Clark Mills noted that the size and shape of the world’s largest class was dictated by the dimensions of a sheet of plywood and by McKay’s $50 budget. Mills chose a sprit rig, to allow some shape in the poorly designed, often home-sewn sails of the era. Mills vividly recalls the very first Optimist hull. “It wasn’t pretty, because Major McKay wanted it fast, for the next Optimist Club meeting. I hammered it together in a day and a half with 10 penny galvanized nails, slapped on a coat of paint, and called her an ‘Optimist Pram.’ We rigged her up in the hotel lobby where the Optimist Club met.”

Birth of the IOD: The Optimist was mainly a Florida phenomenon until 1958, when Axel Damgaard, the captain of a Danish tall ship, visited the United States and was inspired by the design. With Mills’ permission, he took an Optimist back to Europe, modified it, and renamed it the International Optimist Dinghy. The IOD had a battened sail and much simplified running rigging. The new design spread quickly, first through Europe then all around the world.

The Decline of the Pram: The IOD collided with a large, established fleet of Optimist Prams in the U.S. As more and more IODs landed on the shores of the U.S., regattas were scheduled for both Prams and IODs. As late as 1985, separate regattas were held for both boats. Many sailors from the 1970s and 1980s owned two boats, to sail in both types of regattas. In the early 1980s, the scales were tipping in favor of the IOD. The number of Prams steadily declined and, by the mid 1980s, Pram racing opportunities had dried up.Today, Prams are occasionally found in learn-to-sail and community sailing programs but they are no longer an organized class and are virtually never raced.

Image shows the design changes from the 1947 Optimist to the modern IOD: For more history and images visit Wooden Optimist

The originator of the design: Clark Mills recounts the story of the Optimist Pram in Clearwater, Florida:

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Windmill is a 15 ′ 5 ″ / 4.7 m monohull sailboat designed by Clark Mills and built by Advance Sailboat Corp., Lockley Newport Boats, and Johannsen Boat Works starting in 1953.

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Hull Speed = 1.34 x √LWL

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SA/D = SA ÷ (D ÷ 64) 2/3

• SA : Sail area in square feet, derived by adding the mainsail area to 100% of the foretriangle area (the lateral area above the deck between the mast and the forestay).
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A measure of the stability of a boat's hull that suggests how well a monohull will stand up to its sails. The ballast displacement ratio indicates how much of the weight of a boat is placed for maximum stability against capsizing and is an indicator of stiffness and resistance to capsize.

Ballast / Displacement * 100

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A measure of the weight of the boat relative to it's length at the waterline. The higher a boat’s D/L ratio, the more easily it will carry a load and the more comfortable its motion will be. The lower a boat's ratio is, the less power it takes to drive the boat to its nominal hull speed or beyond. Read more.

D/L = (D ÷ 2240) ÷ (0.01 x LWL)³

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This ratio assess how quickly and abruptly a boat’s hull reacts to waves in a significant seaway, these being the elements of a boat’s motion most likely to cause seasickness. Read more.

Comfort ratio = D ÷ (.65 x (.7 LWL + .3 LOA) x Beam 1.33 )

• D: Displacement of the boat in pounds
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CSV = Beam ÷ ³√(D / 64)

Originally designed for the home builder using 4 sheets of plywood. Jib and main only.

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Wooden Optimist

Building the Clark Mills Plywood Optimist Pram

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The CABBS Optimist Pram

captain Published October 23, 2016 · Updated April 1, 2024

The CABBS Optimist is plywood on frame construction and assembled with construction adhesive and screws. Simple and quick to build with common hand tools, it can be crafted in 40 – 60 hours. The boat weighs approximately 65 lbs.

The CABBS Optimist Plans

The CABBS Optimist plans are based on plans published in an early 50’s boating magazine and were drawn in 2006 to support a youth boatbuilding program on Cleveland’s Lake Erie waterfront.  The CABBS Optimist will not meet the measurement requirements for competition as stipulated by the International Optimist Association.

The CABBS Optimist is an excellent sail training platform and perpetuates the Optimist dinghy designer Clark Mills’ ideal of offering youth a sailboat they could build with a minimum of hand tools and woodworking skills.

The builder can work from their computer screen, print out the plans on a home printer,  or use a local resource to print out pages of the plans on 18″ X 24″ sheets.

The PDF of the CABBS Optimist plans cost $35 USD. The plans are copyrighted and give the buyer permission to build one boat from the plans. Proceeds from the sale of the plans help to support CABBS youth boatbuilding efforts.

How to Order

Once we receive your check we will e-mail you the PDF file of the CABBS Optimist plans and construction text.

Building a CABBS Optimist

Even more information

Want to learn more about building an Optimist? Here is a great site that compiles just about anything you wanted to know about building an Opti.

http://woodenoptimist.blogspot.com

Optimist Racing

Although the CABBS Optimist is true to Clark Mills’ objectives and fun to sail, it will not meet the measurement requirements for sanctioned racing competition under the International Optimist Association.

• Next story  CABBS at the 2017 Cleveland Mid-America Boat Show
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CABBS Mini-Skiff

October 23, 2016

 by captain · Published October 23, 2016 · Last modified November 26, 2016

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Wake the Lake boat racing coming to the Clark County Fairgrounds this weekend

Aug. 23—Racing boats are gearing up for this weekend's national championships at the Clark County Fairgrounds.

Wake the Lake 8/Red Line Synthetic Oil APBA OPC Nationals will be held on Saturday and Sunday at Champions Park Lake at the fairgrounds.

This event brings together tunnel boat racers from across North America to compete for national points and a chance to place in the APBA Hall of Champions.

Two local officials were invited Wednesday to test the race boats and see what the experience is like.

"There's some testing and warm ups going on (during the) media day for the F1 National Championship boat races, so we're going to take a boat ride and see if we can get into triple digits," said Charles Patterson, who is running as county commissioner and was the former Clark County health commissioner for 23 years.

Patterson said it was his first time out on the boats but that he's had a tailgate site for years.

"We've been coming out here to the tailgates since the first time they had it ... We're excited to be able to ride in one of these boats, and then come back this weekend and see the boat races and enjoy it," he said.

State Rep. Bernie Willis (R-Springfield) also took a ride, saying it was "amazing and too much fun."

"(The event) has been a shining spot for our county out here and raising the level again of how our fairgrounds are being utilized out here," he said.

"We have this great lake (and) race boats ... we're cruising over 100 mph on the water, which is pretty ridiculous when you consider just how close you are to the water the your pulling the turns."

Tickets are available online at www.apba.tracksideapp.com and at the gate of the event. General admission is $15 per day or $25 for the weekend. Kids 12 and younger are free, and parking is free.

Tailgate spots are available for purchase for $100 for the weekend with popup tents and grilling, as well as powered camping spots. For reservations, contact Marilyn Clark at [email protected] or call at 937-206-6522.

For more information, the schedule and the drivers, visit www.championsparklake.com .

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